Before and after: Satellite images show severe damage to Saudi oil pipeline after drone attack

Oil prices skyrocketed above $107 per barrel on Monday as a series of drone strikes targeting Saudi Arabia's vital East-West crude pipeline compelled the kingdom to shut down the route. Brent crude, the global benchmark for oil prices, reached a peak of $108 per barrel before slightly dipping to $107.7, marking a 3% rise for the day.

The surge in oil prices was attributed to Yemen's Iran-aligned Houthi rebels attacking Saudi infrastructure and seizing the strategic island of Perim in the Bab al-Mandab strait, a key waterway responsible for a fifth of the world's oil and gas trade. Additionally, the Gulf states postponed a meeting with Iran to establish a temporary shipping lane through the strait, further heightening market concerns.

Traders in the region warned that the kingdom could run out of oil stocks for export if the pipeline remains closed for an extended period. Meanwhile, gas prices also climbed, with the UK benchmark increasing by 5% to 208.73p per therm, its highest level since December 2022. The escalating conflict between the US and Iran, coupled with the suspension of a memorandum of understanding, has disrupted oil and gas supplies across the Middle East, pushing prices to their highest levels since the spring of 2022.

Energy prices have been on the rise throughout the year, with the US-Israel conflict exacerbating the situation. Analysts predict that oil prices may return to springtime highs, given the myriad of disruptions. Chris Beauchamp of broker IG emphasized that the market's resilience in the face of these challenges is surprising, but a breach of the March peaks could lead to significant market volatility.

Saudi Arabia's oil production had already been struggling prior to the attacks, with the kingdom reporting its lowest crude output since 1990, as reported by Bloomberg. This development, coupled with the broader economic implications, has driven inflation higher in major economies, forcing central banks to grapple with the consequences as they prepare to set interest rates this week.