Influenza, leptospirosis emerge as major killers this season in Keralam

Influenza and leptospirosis have surfaced as the leading causes of death this season in Keralam, together accounting for nearly 300 fatalities. As of September 15, the state had recorded 10,244 influenza cases, resulting in 109 deaths, a significant increase compared to previous years. Alongside, 100 confirmed and 78 probable leptospirosis deaths had been reported.

Health officials, however, claim the figure is lower than previous years. Influenza cases have been on the rise nationwide this year, with Kerala experiencing a sharp surge in influenza A (H1N1) cases. Factors such as unpredictable weather patterns, high temperature and humidity, and possible mutations in seasonal flu viruses may have contributed to the spike in cases.

H1N1 cases have been particularly lethal among senior citizens, prompting public health experts to advocate for government investment in flu vaccination for the elderly. Despite appearing like a common cold, influenza can turn serious for vulnerable individuals. The Health department’s influenza A H1N1 ABC guidelines do not recommend routine testing for mild cases, only testing those presenting to outpatient departments with severe symptoms.

This means the official count under the Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme may not accurately represent the true number of cases. "The virus spreads through the respiratory route and can also spread via surfaces contaminated by the infected person. Therefore, people with flu symptoms should wear masks and practice proper respiratory hygiene in hospitals to prevent further transmission," advises a health official.

Mild fever and cold symptoms may not require testing or medication like Oseltamivir, and patients can manage their condition at home with isolation and supportive care. However, pregnant women and those with high-grade fever, persistent symptoms, and other health issues should seek medical attention and start Oseltamivir early. Signs such as breathlessness, chest pain, and low oxygen saturation indicate patients who require hospitalization and intensive care.

Doctors advise against self-treatment and recommend staying at home if symptoms worsen or persist, as early initiation of Oseltamivir can significantly impact the outcome. In the private sector, doctors recommend the annual flu vaccine for the elderly and those with comorbidities, as it can reduce the risk of infection and severe disease, hospitalization, and death.

However, despite health advisories, workers exposed to leptospirosis, such as farmers, cleaners, gardeners, and dairy farmers, continue to disregard the need for doxycycline prophylaxis. Local self-governing bodies should provide protective gear to these workers. Terms & conditions | Institutional Subscriber Comments must be in English, in full sentences, and cannot be abusive or personal.