Profiling proteome-level amino acid substitutions in Alzheimer's disease brain tissue
As the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder worldwide, Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains incompletely understood at the proteome level. In particular, current studies on amino acid (AA) substitutions have predominantly relied on genomic and transcriptomic profiling. Proteome-scale AA substitutions remain largely uncharacterized. Nevertheless, alterations at the DNA and RNA levels cannot fully…
A University of Alberta neuroscientist and her team have discovered that biodegradable, drug-delivery nanoparticles called polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) can reduce Alzheimer's disease symptoms and improve memory in mice. These nanoparticles, which are already approved for drug delivery in humans, have a long-standing safety record and can be modified to target specific organs or parts of the body.
The researchers found that PLGA nanoparticles prevented the overproduction and buildup of beta-amyloid peptides, which form plaques in the brains of Alzheimer's patients. The treatment also led to improvements in cognitive and memory functions of the mice.
While the exact reasons behind the nanoparticles' effectiveness are still unclear, the researchers note that PLGA molecules have an impact on multiple disease-causing factors. They are now working on understanding how these nanoparticles cross the blood-brain barrier and increasing their half-life to maintain their effectiveness longer.
The study's findings could potentially lead to new, non-additive treatments for Alzheimer's disease. However, further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms behind the nanoparticles' effects and to ensure their safety and durability.
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