BRICS backs restraint amid Middle East escalation

BRICS leaders have united in a joint declaration expressing serious concern over the escalating tensions in the Middle East, urging all parties to exercise maximum restraint. The New Delhi Declaration, adopted at the 18th BRICS Summit, called for avoidance of actions that could further escalate the situation, reaffirming the support for resolving international disputes through dialogue, consultation, and diplomacy.

The statement reflected differing national positions while establishing a common minimum position across the 11-member grouping, allowing governments with sharply differing relationships to the conflict to endorse the text. The declaration, which came after a deadlock prevented BRICS foreign ministers from issuing a joint communique in May, marked a significant shift in diplomatic efforts.

Iran, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates, all full BRICS members, reached agreement following divisions that had previously hindered progress. The document, focusing on Middle East language, avoided assigning blame but emphasized the need for all sides to refrain from actions that could exacerbate the conflict. The leaders' stance underscored the concerns over civilian infrastructure attacks and peaceful nuclear facilities operating under International Atomic Energy Agency safeguards, reiterating the importance of nuclear safety and security.

BRICS also voiced serious concern over attacks on Palestinian civilian infrastructure and hostages, supporting a ceasefire in Gaza, the release of hostages and detainees, unhindered humanitarian assistance, and a negotiated two-state solution. The economic consequences of geopolitical confrontation were also addressed, with leaders expressing concern over unilateral tariff and non-tariff measures that could distort trade and disrupt supply chains.

Diplomatic activity around the summit aimed to contain regional tensions, with Iran's President Masoud Pezeshkian meeting the Abu Dhabi Crown Prince to discuss regional and international developments, de-escalation, stability, and efforts to advance peace and development.