H1N1 is surging: 7 warning signs people with diabetes should watch for

Delhi is experiencing a surge in H1N1 influenza cases, with figures increasing manifold compared to the previous year. Dr. Saptarshi Ghosh, a consultant clinical oncologist, explains that this rise is primarily due to seasonal changes and is caused by a non-virulent strain. Despite the increase, Dr. Ghosh assures that most cases are self-limiting, and the misuse of antibiotics should be avoided to prevent antimicrobial resistance.

People with diabetes, however, may be at a higher risk of complications. Dr. Seema Dhir, unit head and senior consultant at Artemis Hospitals, highlights that flu can be more problematic for those with diabetes as high or poorly controlled blood sugar can hinder the body's ability to combat infections. The virus can exacerbate blood sugar control due to stress hormones released during illness. This creates a cycle where infection and high blood sugar can worsen each other.

Dr. Pankaj Khatana, senior consultant at Marengo Asia Hospitals Gurugram, warns of several warning signs to watch out for, including breathing trouble, chest pain, constant vomiting, severe weakness, confusion, unusual sleepiness, difficulty staying awake, very high and increasing blood sugar, especially with ketones in the urine or blood, and dehydration symptoms such as little urination, dry mouth, and dizziness.

Dr. Diksha Goyal, consultant internal medicine at Marengo Asia Hospitals, emphasizes that diabetes can make it harder for the body to fight off infections. H1N1 can cause lung problems or facilitate bacterial infections that lead to breathing difficulties and hospitalization. Bronchitis, sinus infections, and worsening of existing health problems are also potential complications.

Treatment for flu in people with diabetes may involve antiviral medications, such as oseltamivir, prescribed based on the patient's medical history and condition. Early medical advice and prompt antiviral use can significantly reduce the risk of severe complications. Diabetics should be vigilant about adjusting their diabetes medications during illness, as antivirals are most effective when taken within the first 48 hours of symptom onset.

Preventative measures include getting an annual flu vaccine, wearing a well-fitting mask in crowded areas, maintaining hand hygiene, monitoring symptoms, and seeking immediate medical attention for timely treatment.