Zambia president inaugurated for second term after disputed vote and opposition arrests

Zambia's President Hakainde Hichilema was inaugurated for a second term on Tuesday amid allegations of irregularities in the August 13 election, which observers deemed marred by serious problems. Hichilema, who assumed office in 2021 on a platform of democratic reform, had accused the previous administration of electoral fraud and imprisoning political opponents.

However, the electoral process was fraught with irregularities, such as altering vote counts, arresting opposition lawmakers, placing soldiers at polling stations, and closing courts. Additionally, the runner-up Brian Mundubile and his running mate, Makebi Zulu, were charged with treason. Despite the tumultuous campaign, both China and the United States congratulated Hichilema on his victory and dispatched representatives to his inauguration.

Zambia has a history of regular elections since the 1990s, but the latest one raised concerns about entrenching power rather than ushering in democratic renewal. Historian Euston Chiputa noted the unprecedented chaos, highlighting the suspension of vote counting and the military's presence at counting centers. International and local observers reported indications of vote manipulation, though they concluded Hichilema would have won even if unaltered.

While international and local election observers found evidence of vote stacking, Zambia's Electoral Commission cited the need for judicial review. However, the authorities barred access to the courts as the deadline for filing complaints approached, denying any receipt of such cases. Authorities have offered scant details regarding their accusations against Mundubile and around a dozen other opposition members jailed, alleging links to national security threats without providing evidence. The accused's lawyer stated they would present a defense in court.