In conflict-torn Manipur, why Congress and BJP have both sought NRC before Census

In Manipur, a conflict-ridden state, both the ruling Congress and the opposition BJP have sought the implementation of the National Register of Citizens (NRC) before conducting the upcoming Census. This demand stems from several concerns: demographic change due to migration from Myanmar, displacement caused by the ethnic conflict since May 2023, and the need for accurate population figures for delimitation of Assembly seats.

The state has faced a steady population growth rate, with the hill districts experiencing a significant increase compared to the valley. However, these figures do not conclusively prove illegal immigration. In 2022, civil society groups representing both Meitei and Naga communities jointly demanded an NRC and State Population Commission, citing concerns over immigration and demographic changes.

The Manipur government had previously constituted the Manipur State Population Commission to identify "illegal immigrants." The recent scrapping of the Free Movement Regime with Myanmar further fueled concerns over demographic changes and security. While Kuki-Zo groups oppose an NRC before the Census, arguing it is premature and unjustified, they support delimitation based on verified demographic data.