South Korea leans toward military conscription for women

A recent survey indicates that nearly 60% of South Koreans support mandatory military service for women, a significant shift from the taboo that has long existed. This change comes as a result of several factors, including a declining birth rate, a shrinking pool of recruits, and a growing emphasis on social equality. Despite this, some argue that women should not be placed in front-line combat roles and instead advocate for investment in advanced technology.

South Korea's traditional conscription system is closely tied to gender roles, with men expected to protect the country and women responsible for childcare and household duties. Professor Hyobin Lee of Sogang University notes that men in their early 20s often miss out on education and career opportunities due to military service.

Some younger men question why men must serve while women have equal rights. The nature of the military itself is also changing, with a shift towards technology and away from physically demanding combat roles. According to the Reform Institute's study, 59% of respondents support changing the law to require women to serve, while 34% are opposed.

The Defense Ministry reports that the number of eligible men for mandatory service has dropped from 332,000 in 2019 to 257,000 in 2022, with projections estimating a further decline to 120,000 by 2043. While Hyobin Lee supports gender equality, she worries that obliging women to serve the same terms as men could exacerbate existing societal inequalities, particularly regarding childcare and career interruptions.