Why do we call corruption “smartness” when it benefits us but condemn it when it benefits someone else?

Corruption in Ghana is so entrenched that it's difficult to discuss the country's development without acknowledging the harm it causes. From alleged financial mismanagement by public officials to procurement disputes and payroll fraud, the issue repeatedly surfaces in national conversations. While investigations, prosecutions and political debates are crucial, the more important question may be about ourselves.

Ghanaians generally agree that corruption is wrong, condemning politicians, civil servants and businessmen who divert funds, demand bribes or manipulate contracts. However, we rarely ask ourselves if we would behave differently if we were in those positions. Corruption is wrong, until it benefits us.

For instance, when a person visits a government office for a document, the official delays the process and hints that a small favor could expedite things. We complain as the victim. Yet, when we have a friend or relative inside the institution, the language shifts to "Please help me push it," "Talk to your guy for me," and "Can't you call someone there?"

We may not view this as corruption because no money has changed hands. However, this is one of the most challenging aspects of Ghana's corruption problem. It's not always about stealing millions; it can begin with a favor, an introduction, a phone call or a small gift. While the amounts in major corruption cases may be huge, the problem often starts with something smaller.

Ghanaian society values respect, reciprocity, hospitality and relationships. These are admirable qualities, with traditions teaching us to honor elders, support family and show appreciation to those who help us. However, could these practices also create an environment where improper influence becomes normalized? For example, visitors often bring gifts when approaching respected individuals out of respect.

The issue arises when the line between a gift, appreciation and inducement becomes blurred. If we grow up believing that an important person must never be met empty-handed, it can become easier to accept that access, assistance or favor should always come with something in return.

To combat corruption, we must address the root causes, such as excessive discretion, complicated procedures, lack of information and ineffective ways to challenge decisions. Simply arresting individuals after money has disappeared is not enough. We need to redesign systems to reduce opportunities for private bargaining and create electronic records for monitoring and auditing.

Additionally, strengthening whistleblower protection, increasing transparency in public procurement, enforcing asset declarations and ensuring audit findings lead to consequences are essential steps. Ultimately, Ghana needs a culture of anti-corruption beyond political rhetoric. Political parties must stop treating corruption as a tool to attack opponents while remaining silent when people on their own side are accused.