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The Pan-European Impact of the Balkan Hunter-Gatherers

During the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) 26-19 thousand years ago (kya), Europe had three principal refugia not covered by ice: the Iberian, Italian, and Balkan peninsulas1,2. While the Iberian and Italian refugia have been studied with ancient DNA3-7, the legacy of the Balkan refugium has remained a mystery due to a lack of genetic data 30-12 kya. We present genome-wide data from nine newly…

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Transcriptome, glycome, and mucinome analysis reveal zinc is essential for the composition of mucus in the human goblet cell model HT-29-MTX

Scientific Reports, Published online: 11 August 2026; doi:10.1038/s41598-026-66227-4 Transcriptome, glycome, and mucinome analysis reveal zinc is essential for the composition of mucus in the human…

  • Zinc deficiency impacts 1 billion globally, causing health issues
  • Zn deficiency alters HT-29-MTX GC transcriptome and mucin synthesis
  • MUC2 and MUC17 levels increase, complex N-glycans decrease in Zn-deficient GCs