Iraq's first Jewish Museum opens a door to the past – and a contentious debate on the present

The Shamash Jewish Museum in Baghdad has opened its doors, offering a glimpse into the once vibrant Jewish community that played a significant role in Iraq's history. This museum, housed in the former Shamash Jewish School, displays a collection of artifacts and personal documents that tell the story of Iraqi Jews, from school certificates and handwritten letters to family photographs and portraits of prominent figures like Sassoon Heskel, the first minister of finance of the Kingdom of Iraq.

The museum's opening has sparked a contentious debate in Iraqi society, with some viewing it as a necessary step towards healing and preserving the country's diverse cultural and religious heritage, while others argue that it is premature given the current political climate, particularly in light of the ongoing conflict in Gaza, tensions with Israel, and discussions about establishing relations with the Jewish state.

Supporters of the museum contend that acknowledging the contributions of the Jewish community, which made up about a fifth of Baghdad's population during the Ottoman era and 20th century, is crucial for the nation's unity. Critics, however, believe that opening such a museum during times of heightened regional tensions and war could be seen as a political statement, even if the museum itself emphasizes its Iraqi roots and community-funded nature.

For some, the museum represents an opportunity to mend the wounds of Iraqi society and foster a sense of shared history. Others, however, caution against the timing of the museum's opening, expressing fear that it may set a precedent for future steps towards establishing relations with Israel, a relationship currently prohibited by Iraqi law.