Zero-Gas Autonomous Agents: Account Abstraction on Base L2
Zero-Gas Autonomous Agents: Account Abstraction on Base L2 Autonomous AI agents break the moment they touch an onchain transaction lifecycle. The standard stack usually fails like this: you spin up an LLM runner, wire it to an MPC or raw EOA private key, and fund it with $50 worth of ETH. Three days later, the agent stops dead. Gas spiked, nonce management desynchronized under concurrent…
Zero-gas autonomous agents on the Base L2 network present a novel approach to account abstraction, aimed at eliminating friction in onchain transactions. The architecture consists of three key components: a Smart Account (Kernel/Safe + 4337 module), a Paymaster Policy, and a Treasury Anchor. The Smart Account holds an ephemeral key for proposing operations without draining treasury assets.
The Paymaster Policy involves offchain services or onchain vaults that sponsor gas for transactions that meet specific validation rules. The Treasury Anchor ensures all realized value routes back to a secure treasury, maintaining a bare operational hot-wallet.
In this setup, transactions are submitted as UserOperations instead of raw EVM transactions. The bundler picks up the UserOperation, queries the Paymaster, and the Paymaster pays Base sequencer fees on behalf of the agent. Implementation can be achieved through a Python script using web3.py and eth_account libraries. The script builds a sponsored UserOperation on the Base network, requesting Paymaster sponsorship and injecting the response into the UserOperation.
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