Democrats planning flood of AI bills when they take control of Congress

Democrats are set to introduce a flurry of new legislation concerning artificial intelligence systems and data center operations when they assume control of the United States Congress in January, according to lawmakers, aides, and advocates. This marks a stark contrast to the Republican-led Congress, which largely promoted AI development without passing any restrictions on the technology, despite voter dissatisfaction with the rapid expansion of data centers and their high energy demands.

The Democratic plan includes bills to protect consumers from escalating electricity costs associated with data centers, require independent testing for advanced AI systems, and establish clear liability rules for AI companies responsible for harm caused by their products. Despite the uphill battle facing such legislation under Republican President Donald Trump, Democrats anticipate gaining leverage through control of congressional committees.

They intend to compel testimony from industry executives, build support for action against AI-related harm, and potentially insert AI regulation into existing bills. Representative Greg Casar, chair of the Congressional Progressive Caucus, has called for AI executives to testify under oath, while Senator Chuck Schumer, the future majority leader, plans to prioritize consumer protection from higher energy costs tied to data centers.

Representative Lori Trahan aims to push for independent evaluations of AI models against safety standards, and Representative Zoe Lofgren seeks to lead the House Science Committee, focusing on responsible AI regulation while fostering innovation.