Global Nuclear Construction Hits Highest Level Since Chernobyl
Global nuclear power construction is gaining momentum, with the number of reactors under construction reaching its highest level since the Chernobyl disaster in 1986. The resurgence is being driven by two converging forces: efforts to secure the vast amounts of electricity needed to power artificial
Global nuclear power construction has surged to its highest level since the Chernobyl disaster in 1986, driven by the need for electricity to fuel AI data centers and concerns over energy security amid geopolitical tensions. As of October 16, a total of 79 nuclear reactors were under construction worldwide, surpassing the previous record of 91 reactors in 1986.
Eleven new reactors began construction this year alone, bringing the total of reactors in the planning stage to 201, which are expected to come online within the next 15 years. This brings the number of operating reactors worldwide to over 600 by around 2040, according to projections. The expansion is particularly notable in China, with 38 reactors currently under construction and 42 reactors planned, accounting for nearly half of the total.
Other major countries involved include India, Russia, and South Korea. In Europe, where public opposition to nuclear power was once prevalent, several countries, including Italy, Sweden, and Belgium, have reversed their previous plans to phase out nuclear energy. The European Commission has also criticized the move away from nuclear power as a "strategic mistake" and signaled support for its expanded use.
Major European countries are considering building up to 14 new reactors, as well as Japan, which is revising its plan to add 11 to 14 new reactors by the 2050s. However, significant challenges remain, as countries seek to rapidly expand nuclear power. The development of small modular reactors (SMRs), which offer shorter construction timelines and lower costs, is being explored as a potential solution.
The U.S. government has partnered with several companies to support at least $80 billion in new nuclear power construction, with a focus on addressing rising electricity demand from AI data centers and energy supply-chain instability. Despite these efforts, there are still key uncertainties, such as the establishment of safety standards and regulatory frameworks for SMRs, as well as rising construction costs and potential delays.
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