Researchers set a real-time fiber record: 3.2 petabits per second over 10.3 kilometers

Chinese researchers have achieved a groundbreaking milestone in fiber-optic communications, setting a new record for real-time data transmission. A collaborative effort involving the Chinese Academy of Information and Communications Technology, Peng Cheng Laboratory, and FiberHome Fujikura has demonstrated the ability to transfer 3.2 petabits per second (Pbps) of data over a single optical fiber. This achievement surpasses the previous record of 2.5 Pbps set by the same team earlier this year.

To achieve this remarkable feat, the researchers utilized a 24-core optical fiber spanning 10.3 kilometers. The optical signal employed thousands of parallel channels across three different wavelength bands, enabling the high-speed data transfer. The team developed their own optical modules to ensure real-time performance that aligns with current commercial standards.

The significance of this breakthrough lies in its potential to meet the growing demands of data processing in various sectors. With the rapid expansion of artificial intelligence (AI) and the proliferation of data centers, the need for faster and more efficient data transmission has become increasingly critical. Petabit-level data channels could help maintain the pace of innovation in the AI industry and support the development of 6G wireless services.

Beyond the AI sector, this technology could also benefit other high-performance connectivity scenarios, such as connecting massive computing centers and enhancing backbone networks for 6G wireless services. The researchers' work has been recognized and selected for the 2026 Optical Fiber Communication Conference, where they will present their findings in a scientific journal.

This achievement marks a significant milestone in China's pursuit of self-reliance in the IT business. In 1976, China's focus was on developing glass filaments just 0.2 millimeters wide. Today, China is once again pushing the boundaries of optical fiber technology, demonstrating its commitment to staying at the forefront of global advancements.