Microsoft develops AI tool that can diagnose 'sequentially' like a doctor

Microsoft researchers have unveiled an AI tool capable of diagnosing patients step-by-step, mirroring the approach of human doctors. Published in Science, the study reveals that the model outperforms general physicians by more than twice in solving complex medical cases. The AI tool, named the diagnostic orchestrator, meticulously decides what questions to ask the patient, which physical exams to conduct, and which tests to order.

It employs a simulated panel of clinical experts to coordinate the diagnostic process, updating its working hypotheses and plans as it goes. Unlike traditional AI models that examine all symptoms, lab results, and imaging studies simultaneously, the orchestrator takes a more methodical approach. In a collaboration with Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, the researchers will next test the tool's capability to triage patients in emergency department waiting rooms.