The dark side of the energy transition: Renewable megaprojects may sacrifice local communities' rights

An international study, led by researchers from ICTA-UAB, has uncovered the troubling truth behind renewable energy megaprojects. The research reveals how large energy corporations, such as Enel, leverage corporate sustainability narratives to mask the true impacts of wind, solar, and hydro projects. These projects often exclude communities from equitable economic and financial returns while disregarding the social and environmental repercussions.

The study examines 15 cases of social conflict surrounding renewable energy projects in various countries, including the United States, Mexico, Guatemala, Colombia, Chile, Brazil, India, and Western Sahara. Despite Enel's purported commitment to "Creating Shared Value," local communities continue to face grievances. These include forced displacement, loss of livelihoods, and breaches of human rights.

The authors argue that corporations define "value" in the energy transition, often disregarding the cultural ties, food sovereignty, health, and autonomy of affected communities. They warn that this global pattern of profit-driven energy infrastructure construction undermines the urgency of climate action and the well-being of affected territories.

The research highlights the need for a shift from consultation to genuine shared decision-making power for communities. It calls for impact assessments to recognize relational and spiritual values, particularly in non-self-governing territories. Ultimately, the study emphasizes that the energy transition cannot be built on the suffering of communities whose voices are left out of the equation.