Wissenschaft: Studie: Soziale Aktivitäten im Alter fördern Gehirnleistung

Research published in the Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health suggests that social activities in later life are directly linked to better cognitive performance and may counteract mental decline. Analyzing data from five long-term studies involving 57,793 older participants across 24 countries, researchers found that the more social activities seniors engage in, the stronger the positive impact on memory and executive functions like math and naming objects.

Individual social activities correlated with higher cognitive scores, but the effect intensified with two or three activities, and even more so with three or more activities. Those participating in three or more groups saw a statistically significant increase in cognitive performance each year. Certain types of activities proved especially effective, with volunteering and sports club membership standing out. Educational courses and caring for children also positively influenced cognitive development over time.

However, involvement in political groups, church or religious organizations did not consistently show a link to cognitive improvement. Subgroup analyses revealed the benefits were strongest for women, those over 60, highly educated individuals, singles, and those living in rural areas. The Chinese research team, led by Yuedong Wang from Shandong University, used data from studies in the US, England, China, Mexico, and Europe, with a median follow-up of six years.

Cognitive performance was measured using standardized tests. The researchers note limitations including reliance on self-reported social activities and the possibility that better mental health may predispose individuals to engage in more social activities. Despite these caveats, the study authors argue their findings support promoting diverse and long-term social activities among older people to reduce the risk of age-related cognitive decline.