You’ve probably never heard of synchronous condensers. But they’re essential in the push for renewables
As ageing coal plants head for retirement, authorities are turning to a century-old technology to stabilise the grid.
Australia's power grid is undergoing a significant transformation as coal-fired power stations gradually shut down in favor of renewable energy sources like solar and wind. While the shift to renewables is essential, it also presents challenges in maintaining the stability of the grid. This is where synchronous condensers, or "syncons," come into play.
These large spinning electrical machines help keep voltage normal and absorb shocks, providing crucial support to the grid. Our recent research has shown that synchronous condensers are an effective solution, but their high cost means they must be strategically located and sized appropriately.
A synchronous condenser is essentially a large synchronous electric motor that functions as a shock absorber for the power grid. Just as shock absorbers keep a vehicle stable on bumpy roads, these machines keep the grid stable during voltage fluctuations caused by sudden changes in electricity demand or the unexpected retirement of power plants. They work by spinning and maintaining the grid voltage within an acceptable range, preventing potential power outages and appliance damage.
Although synchronous condensers have been around for over a century, their importance has been on the rise recently. Early power grids heavily relied on these machines for stability, but as grid technologies improved, their use declined. However, with the rapid expansion of renewable energy sources and the retirement of fossil fuel plants, the need for synchronous condensers has resurfaced.
In Australia, authorities have already installed several syncons to ensure grid stability, particularly in regions facing power shortages due to the growth of renewables and battery storage.
South Australia, for instance, has seen the installation of four large syncons, two at Davenport and two at Robertstown, which have helped maintain grid stability as conventional power plants retire. Victoria boasts the nation's largest syncon near Ararat, while Queensland is building four syncons – two at Calliope River near Gladstone, one at Nebo, and one at Stanwell – with the expected completion in 2029.
As the transition to renewable energy continues, synchronous condensers will play a vital role in maintaining the reliability and stability of Australia's power grid.
Written by urgent.news from The Conversation AU's reporting — not their text. Machine-written — may contain errors; check the original before relying on it.
