Iraq prepares for new chapter after US troop withdrawal as security concerns remain

As Iraq prepares for a new chapter following the US troop withdrawal, security concerns remain a pressing issue. The planned removal of troops and the disarmament of Iran-backed militias are set to bring about significant changes in the political landscape.

For years, the government has struggled to curb the influence of these militias while also keeping foreign troops out of the country. This process is now underway under the leadership of Prime Minister Ali Al Zaidi. The US-led coalition's mission to combat ISIS is concluding, with the remaining US troops in the Iraqi Kurdistan region expected to depart by September 30.

However, Iraq is not fully prepared to face this new reality. While Iraqi officials are adhering to the US drawdown deadline, the Kurdistan Regional Government would prefer for the forces to remain longer. The uncertainty surrounding the future of the government, militias, and foreign actors has left many anxious about what comes next.

Relations with neighboring Arab countries have been strained due to accusations and complaints. Iranian-aligned factions have launched attacks on Gulf states, prompting the UAE, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Kuwait, Bahrain, and Jordan to hold Baghdad responsible for attacks originating from their territory. Iraq has been attempting to mend ties with the Gulf region since these events.

Since the outbreak of the Iran war in February, Iranian-aligned groups have targeted US-affiliated facilities and coalition forces within Iraq and its borders. They have also collaborated with Yemen’s Houthis to strike at Saudi Arabian targets. The US invaded Iraq in 2003 to overthrow Saddam Hussein's regime, occupying the country for a decade before withdrawing in 2011.

The Iraqi government has supported the withdrawal of US forces, with Prime Minister Al Zaidi pushing for the September 30 deadline. However, many IRAQIS remain skeptical about the timing and the impact on security. The government is aiming to complete the disarmament process by June 2027, but hardline factions within the militias are not convinced and continue to resist disarming.

To mark the end of the coalition's combat mission, Wednesday and Thursday have been declared public holidays, celebrated as "Days of Sovereignty." Despite the optimism surrounding this change, many Iraqis remain divided on the issue, fearing that the absence of US support could leave security gaps in the country.