Just transformative conservation requires challenging existing structures and strengthening local agency
In her doctoral dissertation, M.Sc.Admin. Liisa Varumo examines the environmental justice of market-based and place-based conservation approaches and how these approaches can contribute to just sustainability transformations in biodiversity conservation.
Liisa Varumo's doctoral research explores the complexities of just sustainability transformations in biodiversity conservation. With the diversification of conservation instruments, there is a growing need to address justice-related challenges that arise. Varumo investigates the social acceptance of biodiversity offsets and two place-based conservation approaches in Finland and Colombia.
These studies reveal that justice issues often stem from limited participation, marginalization of local knowledge, and unequal power relations, which are rooted in broader societal structures. While changing these structures is difficult, it is crucial for transformative change. Local social values should be considered when designing conservation instruments, as research shows that perceptions of fairness enhance long-term sustainability.
Varumo emphasizes that all conservation instruments can contribute to just transformations if adapted to local values and circumstances. Although challenging societal structures may seem daunting, initiatives are persisting. The recognition of the rights of the Ranchería River in Colombian legislation is an example of integrating relational values into Western legal institutions.
Market-based conservation instruments can empower local communities to advance their values and objectives. State-enabled approaches that provide resources and networks for community-led initiatives are the most promising path toward just transformative biodiversity conservation.
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