Mobile CT lung cancer screening expands access for underserved populations in Brazil

The Third Brazilian Early Lung Cancer Trial (BRELT3) has demonstrated that mobile low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening can effectively reach high-risk and socially vulnerable populations in resource-limited settings, such as Northeast Brazil. Conducted from 2023 to 2025, the prospective, single-arm observational study utilized mobile CT units and community health workers to recruit participants aged 50 to 80 who were current or former smokers.

Of the 5,223 people identified as potential participants, 2,018 met eligibility criteria and underwent LDCT screening. Of these, 19 lung cancers were diagnosed, representing a 0.94% screening rate. Community health workers played a crucial role in recruiting participants, particularly those from rural areas, lower educational backgrounds, and current smokers.

The researchers concluded that mobile LDCT lung cancer screening is feasible in such settings and that community-based recruitment can improve access for high-risk and underserved groups, supporting the expansion of organized screening programs to reduce lung cancer mortality.

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