Belgian Researcher Held in China-Linked Semiconductor Espionage Probe

A Belgian researcher has been detained in a probe into allegations that sensitive semiconductor manufacturing knowledge was unlawfully transferred to China. The 52-year-old dual national was arrested at Brussels Airport on May 10 as he was set to fly to Beijing. Prosecutors allege he transferred intellectual property and trade secrets from bankrupt semiconductor firm BelGaN to a Chinese company.

The suspect, who previously held a senior research role at BelGaN, also served as a director of the Chinese company, which was founded after he joined BelGaN and received financing from a Chinese investment fund. The technology in question, gallium nitride (GaN) chips, has applications in electric vehicles, aerospace, and military systems.

Belgian prosecutors are investigating possible espionage, criminal organization involvement, misuse of company assets, and unlawful disclosure of business secrets. The case may involve the unauthorized transfer of specialized intellectual property and trade secrets linked to GaN chips. GaN semiconductors offer advantages over conventional silicon devices, making the alleged transfer of GaN know-how more significant.

The investigation stems from inquiries surrounding BelGaN's collapse, which led to the company's bankruptcy in July 2024, affecting over 400 jobs. The case highlights the challenge of protecting sensitive technology that can leave a company through people, partnerships, and corporate relationships. European governments are tightening scrutiny of Chinese involvement in strategic industries, with Belgium introducing foreign investment screening in 2023 for sensitive areas such as semiconductors, defense, aerospace, and digital infrastructure.