Germany and Russia: From “Change Through Trade” to Sharp Power
Dmitry Stratievski on the transformation of German-Russian relations after 2022
In 2022, Germany undertook a significant shift in its foreign policy, marking a stark contrast to its previous approach of "Change through Trade" and the "Partnership for Modernization." This transformation was triggered by Russia's annexation of Crimea and the subsequent war in Donbas. Berlin promptly condemned the aggression, supplied Ukraine with weapons, and acknowledged the failure of the previous relationship built on economic cooperation and cultural exchange.
Former Chancellor Gerhard Schröder faced severe criticism, and even unofficial contacts by retired officials drew severe condemnation. Russia's influence over German politics has weakened considerably, with the government now viewing Russia as an adversary rather than a partner. Direct economic ties with Russia have almost completely disappeared, with imports falling by 95% from 2021 levels.
Despite this, some politicians sympathetic to Russia still maintain contact, often using it as a way to distance themselves from domestic opponents.
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