Diabetes is not the same for men and women: Why females may be more vulnerable

A recent study, published in PLOS Medicine, reveals that type 2 diabetes does not affect men and women in identical ways. Researchers examined the health trajectories of nearly 29,000 individuals newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes in the UK between 2010 and 2020. One significant finding of the study was the correlation between diabetes and mental health.

Both men and women who developed a mental health condition following a diabetes diagnosis had a higher risk of premature death, with men dying, on average, nine years earlier than women. However, the extent to which diabetes impacts men and women differs. Dr. Sukirti Misra, Consultant Endocrinologist at KIMS Hospital, Thane, explains that while diabetes can affect both sexes, certain complications and risks may vary.

Women with diabetes may face a relatively higher risk of cardiovascular complications compared to men. Additionally, women living with diabetes may encounter pregnancy-related complications, while men can experience sexual and reproductive problems. However, it's crucial to note that diabetes severity depends more on factors such as duration, blood sugar control, and associated conditions rather than sex alone.

Cardiovascular risk assessment is vital for diabetes care, particularly for women, as the relative increase in cardiovascular risk associated with diabetes can be greater in women. Nonetheless, men with diabetes should also remain vigilant about their heart health. While it is essential for both men and women to take diabetes seriously, women may require additional attention to cardiovascular risk due to their potentially higher relative risk.

For men, diabetes can also impact sexual and reproductive health, emphasizing the importance of discussing any concerns with a healthcare professional. To mitigate the risks associated with diabetes, individuals should focus on managing the condition effectively, which involves maintaining good glucose control, managing blood pressure and cholesterol levels, engaging in regular physical activity, following a balanced diet, avoiding tobacco use, and maintaining a healthy weight.

Regular monitoring of blood glucose, blood pressure, cholesterol, kidney health, and other complications is also crucial to early detection and management of potential complications.