Vigilante groups evolving beyond Act 999; security agencies must adapt – Security analyst

Dr. Victor Doke, a security analyst, has urged Ghana's security agencies to take proactive measures against the evolving tactics of political vigilante groups. Following National Security Coordinator COP Osman Abdul Razak's warning that these groups are increasingly operating in hidden spaces, Dr. Doke highlighted the groups' shift towards social media, encrypted channels, and informal networks.

Despite the apparent decline in visibility post the implementation of Act 999 in 2019, the threat persists, he said. Some vigilante groups have adapted by adopting different identities, such as internal security teams, volunteer task forces, and community security initiatives.

The analyst noted that the vigilante groups have become more sophisticated due to Act 999, forcing them to move away from open mobilisation. He mentioned a recent video showing young people swearing allegiance to a political party ahead of the 2028 elections, demonstrating that political vigilantism remains a potential threat. Dr. Doke also suggested that Act 999 may need to be reviewed to account for new forms of mobilisation, particularly through technology and social media.

He called for a review to include these aspects, stating that failing to do so could leave the authorities unprepared.

Acknowledging the intelligence capabilities of Ghana's security agencies, Dr. Doke emphasized the need for preventive action ahead of the 2028 elections. He stressed that security planning should not only focus on the pre-election and election periods but also consider potential vigilante activity post-elections. The political atmosphere is expected to become tense as the 2028 elections approach, making early intelligence gathering and preventive measures crucial.