The missing plants that could transform cities for people and nature

The University of Queensland study highlights the importance of midstory vegetation in urban parks and public spaces. Ecologist Dr. Nicola Sockhill points out that parks have traditionally been designed with tall shade trees and mown lawns, often lacking the crucial layer of vegetation between 1–10 meters in height. This midstory vegetation is vital for providing food and shelter for small animals and birds displaced by urbanization and suburban expansion.

The quality of urban green spaces is increasingly important given that more than half the world's population now resides in cities. Parks serve as the primary connection many people have with nature, and spending time in natural environments can improve mental health and well-being. The study suggests that incorporating denser midstory vegetation could enhance both biodiversity and human health, while also reducing maintenance costs compared to traditional lawns.

Professor Richard Fuller notes that once established, native midstory plantings require less intensive management than grass, saving money on fuel, water, and labor. The best plants for parks are typically those that originally grew there before the space was developed into a green area. The study cites Kings Park in Perth, Australia as an example of a successful park that incorporates large areas of dense native vegetation.

The researchers urge planners, councils, policymakers, and residents to advocate for richer urban vegetation designs. They suggest designing parks strategically at a citywide scale, creating a mix of open recreational spaces and more vegetated refuges for both people and wildlife. Increasing vegetation complexity in urban parks can provide essential habitat while also improving the overall quality and appeal of these public spaces.