Macron signs assisted dying into law: who actually qualifies in France

President Emmanuel Macron has signed France's assisted dying law into effect after a lengthy four-year debate, though patients cannot yet request the procedure. The law specifies that only adults who are French nationals or legally residing in France can qualify, provided they have a serious, incurable illness in its terminal or advanced phase causing unbearable physical suffering that cannot be alleviated, and maintain the mental capacity to make a free and conscious decision until the very end.

Patients undergo a single doctor's assessment, followed by a 15-day response period and a mandatory two-day reflection period before confirming their decision, which can be withdrawn at any time. Healthcare professionals, including pharmacists and private or Catholic-run clinics, can refuse to participate for conscientious reasons.

The final decrees outlining the practical details of the law, such as the substances to be used, are still pending and are expected to be released within six months of its signing. The national health authority will provide its opinion on prescriptions and complications by November, after which the law can be implemented. As of now, patients cannot request the procedure, with a practical rollout anticipated for early 2027.

The debate surrounding assisted dying mirrors a recent attempt in Britain, where a similar bill stalled in the House of Lords. However, British nationals can currently access assisted dying in Spain, while France will begin offering the option next year.