The best fabric for extreme heat? It's more complicated than you think
When it's really hot out, getting dressed seems pretty simple: Wear something light, loose and made for summer. But textile researchers say it's actually a little more complicated than that.
When temperatures soar, selecting the right clothing becomes crucial. It's not just about choosing lightweight and loose-fitting garments made for summer; the fabric's characteristics play a significant role as well. Fabric, weight, structure, fit, and color all impact how well clothing regulates body temperature in extreme heat.
Clothing should facilitate the body's natural response to heat by allowing sweat to evaporate efficiently. Scientists are developing specialized clothing to help people stay cooler during extreme heat events. The most important aspect is ensuring that clothing doesn't hinder sweat evaporation.
Lightweight fabrics with good air permeability are ideal, as they enable airflow and help sweat evaporate. Cellulosic fibers like cotton and linen are generally more breathable than synthetic fibers. However, the weave or knit structure of the fabric is also crucial. Open weaves and loose knits with no water or soil-repellent finishes offer the best airflow.
Wicking fabrics, designed to move sweat away from the skin, can make clothing feel drier but may not provide the same level of direct cooling as evaporation closer to the skin. The fit of the garment is also important, with enough room for ventilation in hot outdoor conditions.
When choosing between cotton and polyester, consider the amount of sweat expected and the intended activity. Cotton absorbs sweat but can become heavy when saturated, while polyester can move moisture across the fabric and dry quicker. Polyester garments engineered for breathability are often used in athletic clothing.
In extreme heat, deliberately wetting clothing can provide evaporative cooling. Covering skin with loose, ventilated clothing can protect against UV exposure and sunburn. Color also plays a role, with lighter or highly reflective fabrics reducing heat gain by reflecting sunlight rather than absorbing it.
Consumers should look beyond cooling labels and consider how the fabric enhances evaporation, reflects sunlight, and improves breathability for continuous cooling effects.
Written by urgent.news from Medical Xpress's reporting — not their text. Machine-written — may contain errors; check the original before relying on it.
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