Bedbugs can cause people to lose sleep — and blood. Here's what to do about them

Bedbugs, often referred to as the "vampires of the insect world," are small, reddish-brown creatures that feed on human blood while hiding during the day. These pests have been around for centuries and are known for their ability to live with and prey on humans. During the night, bedbugs emerge to crawl onto people and feed on their blood for several minutes. Despite being painless, these bites can lead to itchy red welts a day or two later, often going unnoticed by the affected person.

In recent years, bedbug infestations have been on the rise, particularly during the summer months. These pests can be found in narrow crevices of furniture, clothes, linens, and mattresses. They are difficult to detect, leaving small dark excrement stains as their telltale signs. While bedbugs have not been proven to spread diseases, research suggests they may potentially transmit antibiotic-resistant infections like MRSA. This discovery changes the public health perspective on these blood-sucking pests.

Bedbugs primarily thrive in low-income or public housing areas, where they can spread more easily. Travelers can unknowingly bring bedbugs into their homes, making it essential to inspect hotel rooms for signs of infestation before unpacking. To prevent bedbugs, travelers should avoid placing luggage on beds or floors near beds and consider placing their bags in a light-colored trash bag or even the bathtub.

Upon returning home, luggage should be opened outside, and items should be washed and dried immediately. When purchasing secondhand furniture or other items, inspect them thoroughly and treat them before bringing them inside the house.

Although bedbugs were nearly eradicated in developed countries after World War II due to the widespread use of DDT, the pesticide was banned in 1972 due to its harmful effects on animals and potential risks to humans. Insecticide resistance has since led to a resurgence in bedbug populations. While the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency provides do-it-yourself guidance for eradicating bedbugs, it is often labor-intensive and involves sealing hiding spaces and treating infested items with caution.

Professional exterminators experienced in dealing with bedbugs are the best option for effective bedbug eradication.