‘Am I losing my mind?’: the science behind why psychedelic trips can feel like you’re going insane

For many individuals who experience a psychedelic journey, the most alarming sensation is not visual hallucinations or odd physical sensations, but a profound concern: the fear that they might be losing their minds. Michal Dubrovinsky, a 31-year-old neuroscience researcher at Tel Aviv University’s psychedelic research institute, is investigating this very phenomenon.

Dubrovinsky is pursuing a PhD in neuroscience and has two main projects. The first explores how psilocybin, the active compound in psychedelic mushrooms, influences brain plasticity and complex movement learning. The second delves into the mechanics of the fear of losing one’s sanity during a psychedelic experience. Dubrovinsky’s research focuses on understanding the precise brain processes that trigger the fear of insanity during these altered states.

One aspect of her study involves examining the effects of psilocybin on movement learning, in collaboration with Gaga, a unique movement language developed by Israeli choreographer Ohad Naharin. The researchers hypothesize that psilocybin may enhance neuroplasticity, the brain’s ability to form new connections, while also strengthening the mind-body connection.

Participants undergo brain scans, movement measurements, and filming while taking psilocybin or a placebo. Preliminary results have shown unexpected outcomes, such as participants feeling more comfortable in their bodies and less concerned about others’ perceptions. This parallels the meditative aspect of dance, where individuals focus inward and let go of external judgments.

Dubrovinsky’s second project aims to unravel the mystery of the fear of losing control. Unlike most psychedelic studies that rely on questionnaires, Dubrovinsky employs microphenomenology, a deep interview technique that explores subjective experiences through detailed questioning. She asks participants to recall the exact moment the fear emerged and examines the subtle internal mechanisms that precede it.

Many individuals describe the fear as an abrupt onset, but Dubrovinsky argues that it is a gradual process that can be understood and potentially mitigated. By gaining insight into this mechanism, individuals may find the fear less overwhelming. Dubrovinsky likens this approach to epilepsy research, where recognizing early warning signs can prevent seizures.

She suggests that similar awareness can help manage the fear of insanity. For Dubrovinsky, the fear of losing sanity is not unique to psychedelic experiences. It reflects a broader relationship between individuals and society. Psychedelics act as consciousness revealers, allowing people to see aspects of themselves that are often hidden.

The fear is often tied to societal expectations and the fear of judgment from others. Dubrovinsky’s research seeks to make these deep-seated fears more understandable and normalized, fostering a greater understanding of the human experience. Ultimately, her work aims to contribute to the development of future mental health treatments, particularly for treatment-resistant depression.

While psilocybin is not a guaranteed solution, Dubrovinsky believes that research could shed light on who can benefit from it, how to extend its effects, and how to ensure accessibility for those who need it most.