The Key to Understanding the Traditionalists

In the May issue, David Brooks posed a provocative question: why are reactionaries taking over the world? Brooks framed traditionalism and modernity as opposing forces, but the author argues that both ideologies can coexist. He suggests that a well-adjusted life requires both daring explorations and a secure base.

Brooks divides humanity into stability-seeking traditionalists and novelty-seeking progressives, but he misses an essential point: psychology interacts with changing social factors. People who once frequently changed jobs and cities may now stay in place due to job scarcity and housing affordability. These circumstances, not a change in psychology, have led to their behavior.

The author points out that our ancestors migrating out of Africa 1.9 million years ago were likely seeking survival, not adventure. Today, people may deny science and seek safety in traditional institutions because of AI's threat to our way of life. Debates should focus on technological, economic, and political decisions that cause material uncertainty, not psychological insecurity.

Brooks' traditionalists lack agreement on humanity's "fall," indicating their ideology is more like a creation myth. The author argues that history and science show there was no perfect Eden, and civilization was built painfully, making today a better time than ever.

The traditionalists' appeal has grown as society grants more rights to marginalized groups. They grapple with the loss of authority to define societal norms. Brooks suggests fostering "rootedness" might counteract their appeal, but many Americans don't see themselves reflected in traditional narratives. The author urges the creation of broader, inclusive stories that foster a sense of belonging.

Lastly, the author critiques Noah Hawley's article about Jeff Bezos's Campfire retreat, highlighting that billionaires, despite their wealth, are not truly free from consequences. Political leaders still possess the power to rein in billionaires if they choose to act.