Dolphins learn how to use tools to hunt for fish from their mothers
From spears and the invention of the wheel to smartphones and robots, human societies have been building and using tools from the beginning. Human tool use has helped conquer new environments, increase communication and ultimately alter the course of human evolution.
Recent research published in Marine Mammal Science has revealed that dolphins in Queensland, Australia, are using seashells to aid in hunting fish—a behavior previously only observed in Western Australia. This discovery suggests that dolphins might be learning this tool-use skill from their mothers. Dolphins in both regions employ empty seashells to chase fish into the shell, then lift the shell to drain the fish into their mouths.
This innovation extends beyond Western Australia, making it a widespread behavior among dolphins. The researchers observed this behavior in two adult female dolphins, with evidence captured through cameras and drones. Remarkably, the calf of one of these females also used a shell shortly after the mother, providing potential evidence of maternal social transmission.
This indicates that calves learn this skill by observing their mothers, much like humans do. While the exact reasons for this behavior remain unclear, it could help dolphins capitalize on hunting opportunities, reduce competition for food, or simply be a unique trick. Further research is needed to fully understand this fascinating aspect of dolphin behavior.
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