Report confirms record-high greenhouse gases, global sea level and ocean heat in 2025

The 36th annual State of the Climate report, released by the American Meteorological Society, reveals that greenhouse gas concentrations, global sea level, and ocean heat content all reached record highs in 2025. This comprehensive international review, which includes input from 625 scientists in 60 countries, provides an in-depth update on Earth's climate indicators, weather events, and data gathered by monitoring stations and instruments around the globe.

Key findings from the report indicate that atmospheric CO2 levels soared to 425.6 parts per million in 2025, surpassing previous records. Ocean heat content and global mean sea level also set new benchmarks during the year. Despite the absence of a typical El Niño event, global temperatures ranked among the top three warmest years on record. The report highlights continued warming trends in the Arctic and Antarctic regions, persistent glacier retreat, and the lowest sea ice coverage since measurements began.

The full report is now openly accessible online through the Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society.