No ICMR study to assess addiction-like traits of ultra-processed foods: Govt

The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) has not investigated whether ultra-processed foods display addictive behaviors akin to tobacco or other habit-forming substances, according to a Lok Sabha response. Minister of State for Health Prataprao Jadhav stated that based on global scientific evidence, ICMR maintains that higher consumption of ultra-processed foods is linked to higher risks of obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and mental disorders.

However, these health issues are multifactorial and consumption of ultra-processed foods is just one modifiable risk factor among others. The evidence so far is largely observational and does not alone prove causality. ICMR has been actively raising awareness about the health risks of excessive ultra-processed food intake. The Dietary Guidelines for Indians 2024 advise limiting free sugar, avoiding frequent sugar-sweetened beverages, and reducing ultra-processed food consumption.

ICMR also launched the "Let's Fix Our Food" initiative to promote healthier food environments for children and adolescents, involving schools, parents, policymakers, and civil society. Additionally, ICMR conducts nutrition awareness programmes and disseminates education material. The Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) has also taken steps to encourage healthy eating, including the Eat Right India movement, the Aaj Se Thoda Kam campaign, and social media campaigns on obesity.

FSSAI has also set quality and safety standards for food products, regulated sugar, salt, and fat content, and enforced labeling regulations under the Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006.