#HEALTH: When heart attacks strike early

Malaysians are experiencing heart attacks at a younger age, up to a decade earlier than the global average. This alarming trend is evident in national cardiovascular registries, where one in four patients with acute coronary syndrome is under the age of 50. Heart disease has remained Malaysia's leading cause of death for the past two decades.

Young adults are often caught off guard by heart attacks, as they may not perceive themselves as at risk. Elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), known as "bad cholesterol," often goes unnoticed for years, as it does not produce symptoms until it significantly contributes to the formation of fatty deposits in blood vessels.

These deposits narrow arteries and elevate the risk of a heart attack or stroke. While many associate high cholesterol solely with an unhealthy diet, genetics and the body's cholesterol metabolism also play crucial roles. Factors such as liver metabolism and genetic influences, including inherited conditions or family predisposition, impact LDL-C levels.

The majority of LDL-C is produced by the body, and in some individuals, genetic factors lead to higher cholesterol production, resulting in earlier onset of heart disease and stroke. However, lifestyle factors, such as diet, can also influence cholesterol levels. Education is crucial, as people often mistakenly believe that feeling healthy means they are healthy.

Young individuals with a strong family history of premature heart disease should be aware that cardiovascular risk is not always visible and can affect anyone, regardless of age. Additionally, appearances can be deceiving; a 40-year-old athlete with no apparent risk factors can still develop significant heart artery blockages. It is essential for individuals with significant risk factors or a family history of heart disease to seek earlier screening, as waiting for a cardiovascular event to occur is not a prudent approach.

A holistic approach to heart health, incorporating healthy eating, regular exercise, and appropriate medical treatment, is recommended for optimal outcomes.