No threats, abuses or social media harassment: RBI's new loan recovery rules to bring relief for borrowers

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has announced new rules to alleviate the burden on borrowers facing loan recovery. These regulations prohibit loan recovery agents from employing harsh tactics such as abusive language, excessive phone calls, or violence. The guidelines address concerns over harassment endured by borrowers through calls and social media platforms.

Previously, the RBI had outlawed calls during odd hours and the use of physical force. The updated rules expand the definition of harsh methods and outline what agents must avoid. Banks and recovery agents are now barred from using threatening or abusive language, revealing personal borrower details on social media, sending inappropriate messages, or making excessive calls.

Agents cannot intimidate or publicly humiliate borrowers, their relatives, referees, friends, or colleagues. The regulations also forbid making false or misleading statements about debt amounts or non-repayment consequences. Furthermore, banks cannot disable borrowers' mobile phones and laptops unless the devices were financed by the lender.

If permitted, banks must employ a phased approach and preserve essential device functionalities like incoming calls, SMS, and emergency SOS. The new directives, released on August 6, will enforce from January 1, 2027.