ASEAN at 59, time to deliver

The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) is marking its 59th anniversary today, a fitting time for reflection on the organization's achievements and the hurdles it still faces in achieving its goals. Established in Bangkok on August 8, 1967, by 11 member states, ASEAN's diamond jubilee next year presents an opportunity to assess its progress and address the obstacles that hinder its advancement.

As the group looks to the future, it should consider the reasons the founders initially decided to collaborate. However, several challenges loom on the horizon, making it unlikely that ASEAN will overcome them anytime soon. The crisis in Myanmar, the ongoing border dispute between Thailand and Cambodia, and the slow progress on the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) remain significant impediments to the organization's success.

In the case of Myanmar, the junta's limited action on the Five-Point Consensus it agreed upon five years ago is a cause for concern. The junta's only concrete move has been to allow Aung San Suu Kyi, now 81, to meet with the Red Cross representative in Naypyitaw on August 3. This single meeting falls short of the comprehensive ceasefire and dialogue ASEAN had hoped for, as agreed upon in 2021. This minimal engagement by the junta raises questions about ASEAN's ability to exert pressure for meaningful change.

Additionally, the highly emotional historical conflict between Thailand and Cambodia, centered around the Preah Vihear temple, continues to pose a challenge to ASEAN. While Cambodia holds the diplomatic advantage, as the International Court of Justice ruled in 1962 that the temple belonged to Cambodia and reaffirmed this decision in 2013, Thailand has rejected this ruling. This unresolved dispute is likely to persist as a source of tension within the region.

Indonesia, a key member of ASEAN, often seeks to assert its own stature, aspiring to play a larger role befitting a middle power. However, this tendency to view itself as superior to other ASEAN members can create obstacles to effective collaboration and collective decision-making.

As ASEAN commemorates this milestone, it is essential for member states to acknowledge the progress made while also confronting the obstacles that persist. The organization must strive to demonstrate greater flexibility and accountability in its dealings with Myanmar and other challenges, ensuring that its actions align with its commitments and contribute to the region's overall stability and prosperity.