Axis of convenience: Why China and Russia are both upping their aid to Iran
In late July, reports confirmed that China would supply Iran with up to 400 Chinese-made QW-12 and FN-16 man-portable air defense systems, with the first units expected to arrive in the coming weeks. Since the new war began in February, China and Russia have remained Tehran’s only partners — and even they initially limited their support to merely fulfilling existing weapons contracts. By summer,…
China and Russia have stepped up their aid to Iran following the collapse of a June 17 agreement. Initially, both countries limited their military sales to fulfilling existing contracts, mainly for Iranian missiles, drones, and spare parts. However, the "40 Day War" saw China providing Tehran with satellite intelligence and Russia supplying spare parts for damaged S-300 batteries.
China also began supplying parts for the HQ-9B system, while Russia delivered Verba anti-aircraft systems and Mi-28 attack helicopters. Iran has sought new contracts for more advanced spy satellite capabilities and missile components from both countries. Negotiations for J-10C fighters with China are ongoing, but Su-35 deliveries are delayed due to the resumption of American hostilities.
Iran prioritized equipment that could be quickly integrated into its air defense network, such as short-range anti-aircraft missiles and shoulder-fired systems.
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