Ways to help protect Australia's birds and mammals from bird flu

The H5N1 strain of bird flu has spread from migratory birds to infect resident Australian birds, with clusters of dead birds found in several locations. The virus will likely infect other wildlife, particularly mammals, with death rates ranging from 75%–100% in poultry and some wild bird species. Native species like the black swan are highly vulnerable, while others may be more resilient.

Experts predict that many thousands, if not millions, of Australian birds and mammals could perish, leading to population declines and potential extinctions of both threatened and relatively safe species.

Although officials ask the public to watch for and report sick birds and mammals, this action alone may leave people feeling powerless. However, there are actions that can be taken to help protect wildlife. Some suggestions include controlling threats other than bird flu, such as locally eradicating predators like cats and foxes, banning duck hunting, and protecting captive populations of threatened birds and mammals by increasing their genetic diversity and numbers.

Translocating at-risk species to safer wild places, such as northern quolls, is another possibility. Additionally, vaccinating birds against the virus has been explored, with limited trials in mammals in the United States. Expanded monitoring of the virus's spread, mutations, and survival rates is crucial to understanding the impact on species and planning future actions. Citizen scientists can also contribute to monitoring efforts, as Australia's wildlife is distinct from species in other countries.

To slow the spread of the virus, authorities can remove sick or dead animals to reduce the chance of scavenging birds and animals contracting and spreading the virus. In some areas, water sources may need to be closed or made less attractive to waterfowl. Collaboration between governments, communities, and Indigenous groups is essential in creating effective response plans to mitigate the virus's impact on Australian birds and mammals.