New whale stomach bacteria found: Scientists identify 3 Helicobacter genotypes

Scientists have identified three previously unknown genotypes of Helicobacter bacteria living in the stomachs of pygmy sperm whales, a species known for its elusive nature due to spending most of its life far offshore. This discovery comes from a study involving over two decades of preserved tissue collected from stranded pygmy sperm whales along Florida's coast.

Four out of the examined four whales showed signs of gastrointestinal damage, including gastritis, gastric ulcers, tissue scarring, and parasitic worm infestations. The identified bacteria, named Kogia Helicobacter 1, 2, and 3, are genetically distinct from previously known Helicobacter species, with one of them forming a more divergent lineage.

Researchers are concerned about the possible chronic effects of these bacteria on the health of these vulnerable pygmy sperm whales, which could have implications for the entire population. This discovery underscores the importance of long-term archiving of biological samples and highlights the potential for significant discoveries in poorly studied marine species through patient, meticulous work.