Cortisone eyedrops could save the sight of extremely premature babies

Researchers at the University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital have conducted a groundbreaking study on the use of cortisone eyedrops to prevent severe eye disease in extremely premature babies. The world's first randomized clinical trial tested the efficacy of dexamethasone eyedrops in reducing retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), a condition that causes blindness in 35,000 children annually.

The study, involving 100 infants born before 30 weeks of pregnancy, found that 20% of the children receiving dexamethasone eyedrops developed treatment-requiring ROP, compared to 38% in the placebo group. Although the difference did not reach statistical significance, the results showed a 47% reduction in relative risk, indicating a significant clinical effect.

Professor Ann Hellström, the lead researcher, stated that the findings are promising due to the simplicity, affordability, and non-invasiveness of the treatment. The study also monitored for any side effects, and no severe hormonal or metabolic complications were observed. The researchers plan to conduct long-term follow-up to assess the long-term visual outcomes of the treatment.

This innovative approach could potentially save the sight of many children worldwide, particularly in areas with limited access to specialized care.