How MLB free agency works: 10 rules from opt-outs to compensation picks
MLB free agency runs on service time, qualifying offers, opt-outs and draft pick rules, and these 10 explainers show how each piece shapes where players sign
As the MLB collective bargaining agreement nears its expiration, the league is on the brink of a potential lockout, which could freeze all transactions until a new agreement is reached. A look back at the 2021 lockout reveals a pattern of significant free agency signings in the days leading up to the freeze, but a notable lack of trade activity.
The Toronto Blue Jays, for instance, made headlines by signing Kevin Gausman to a five-year, $110 million contract, but this was not among the top five deals of the offseason. Instead, the Blue Jays made their most significant trade, acquiring Matt Chapman from the Athletics for four prospects, which took place after the lockout was lifted.
The same trend of free agent signings preceding trades was evident in other teams as well, with the Cincinnati Reds, Athletics, and other franchises making notable moves after the lockout. This pattern suggests that in the upcoming lockout, we may see a similar dynamic where free agent signings dominate the headlines before trades begin to take shape.
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