As Poland Celebrates Independence, What Holds Ukraine Together?

As Poland commemorates 108 years since regaining its independence, Ukrainians must grapple with a critical question about their own future. For over a century, Poland thrived without an independent state, owing to a resilient national identity bolstered by culture, memory, and Catholic institutions. This survival prompts an uncomfortable inquiry for a dwindling Ukraine: What unites us beyond our fierce resistance to Russia?

The bond between Poland and Ukraine is undoubtedly intricate, shaped by historical tensions that persist in today's politics. However, the solidarity demonstrated post-February 2022 must not be forgotten. After the war, Poland welcomed over 859,000 individuals under temporary protection who had fled Ukraine. Despite political disagreements, this humanitarian support was genuine.

The question extends beyond the ongoing conflict. How can we comprehend one another amidst the differences that predate the full-scale invasion? Is language the unifying factor? Ukrainian is the cornerstone of our culture and statehood. Yet, many Ukrainians speak Russian without harboring any ill will toward Russia. Among these are patriots who have fought and perished for their nation.

Our regions possess varying imperial histories and family narratives. Regrettably, we have often construed these differences as reasons to doubt one another's belonging. We have not always excelled at understanding one another, despite sharing a country. Is religion the answer? Ukraine embraces a mosaic of spiritual identities, including Orthodox, Greek Catholic, Protestant, Jewish, and Muslim communities, alongside those with no religious affiliation.

The invasion has fostered remarkable unity, but hatred of the aggressor cannot be the long-term foundation of a nation. It is imperative that "We are not Russia" is accompanied by a deeper inquiry into our identity.

This introspection gains urgency when we examine our demographic decline. In the first half of 2026, Ukraine recorded 73,292 births and 259,853 deaths, indicating that deaths outpaced births by more than 186,000. Birth rates have dropped by approximately 16% compared to the same period in 2025. While these registration figures may not encompass the full wartime reality, the stark imbalance is evident.

Millions have also emigrated, and we cannot assume everyone will return. Defending our state necessitates confronting who will inhabit, rebuild, and uphold it. Patriotism alone cannot sustain empty homes. People require safety, economic opportunities, a future for their children, and the assurance of belonging without perpetually having to prove their worthiness as Ukrainians.

Our most profound connection may be freedom: the liberty to shape our lives and select our leaders, unencumbered by external rule. This conviction must also accommodate our differences. Wars inevitably conclude, and the fervor of fighting a common adversary dissipates. Poland upheld its identity for over a century without independence.

Ukraine has demonstrated its capability to combat for its state. Now, we must determine what our state embodies and provide enduring reasons for people to remain, return, and propel Ukraine into the forthcoming century. The opinions presented in this editorial piece belong solely to the author and do not necessarily reflect the stance of Kyiv Post.