Robust T and B cell activation is associated with rapid clearance of infectious SARS-CoV-2
The immunologic correlates of rapid clearance of SARS-CoV-2 shedding are not well understood, partly due to challenges of collecting samples early after infection and the fact that most studies do not measure infectious virus. Here, we performed mass cytometry profiling of peripheral blood cells collected from people 4-6 days after onset of symptoms from acute SARS-CoV-2 infection who underwent…
Research reveals a link between swift SARS-CoV-2 clearance and robust immune system activation. Scientists conducted mass cytometry analysis on peripheral blood samples from individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2, starting 4-6 days after symptom onset. Unvaccinated people with primary infection displayed extensive activation of both innate and adaptive immune cells.
This included cytotoxic CD8+, CD4+, and gamma delta T cells, as well as plasmablasts, which showed heightened proliferation. Vaccinated individuals who quickly cleared the breakthrough infection, however, exhibited little cellular immune activation. The study sheds light on early immune indicators that could guide future prevention and therapeutic strategies to curb disease burden and transmission.
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