Gut Roseburia hominis-derived 10-hydroxystearic acid alleviates metabolic disorder by restoring hepatic fatty acid metabolism
Metabolic disorders and health-promoting dietary interventions represent complementary contexts of metabolic impairment and improvement, providing an opportunity to identify gut microbial taxa associated with both disease status and dietary response. Here, we integrated five independent human cohorts spanning metabolic disorders and dietary interventions and identified Roseburia hominis as a gut…
A dietary intervention study has identified a gut microbial taxon, Roseburia hominis, that decreases in metabolic disorders and increases after dietary interventions. By analyzing strain-level genetic variation in R. hominis, researchers found that a specific strain-derived compound, 10-hydroxystearic acid (10-HSA), can alleviate metabolic disorders by restoring hepatic fatty acid metabolism.
This compound is produced by a genetic variant of R. hominis carrying five missense substitutions in its ohyA gene, which encodes an oleate hydratase enzyme. In mouse studies, 10-HSA reduced body-weight gain, improved glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity, and decreased dyslipidemia and hepatic steatosis. The study demonstrates a diet-responsive axis linking microbial variation to host metabolic dysfunction, with 10-HSA as a potential therapeutic target for metabolic health improvement.
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