3D-printed ghost guns may now have a way to be traced to their source

A new forensic method, published in the journal Forensic Science International on October 22, has the potential to trace 3D-printed "ghost guns" back to their source. Researchers from Curtin University in Perth, Australia, developed a technique to analyze PLA parts and link them to their specific filament, accurately matching 26 out of 28 samples.

This innovation could help police build a clearer network for investigating the manufacturing and distribution of these untraceable firearms. 3D-printed guns have become a growing concern due to their untraceability and ease of production, often using materials like PLA which compost quickly. Traditional methods like serial numbers and registration have been ineffective against these threats.

The Curtin University study utilized differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), a thermoanalytical technique, to measure temperature changes in 3D-printed objects and cross-reference them with the original filament. This approach relies on the fact that the 3D printing process alters the filament's physical properties, creating a unique thermal signature.

While the test was limited to PLA materials, the researchers found the semi-crystalline structure of PLA provided clearer temperature transition points compared to PETG and ABS, which showed less identifiable information. The researchers acknowledge that more rigorous testing is needed, as factors like cooling rates and printer models could impact the results.

Despite these limitations, the initial results offer a promising step forward in combating the proliferation of untraceable, illegal 3D-printed firearms.