US sanctions Rwandan defence ministry over M23 ties

In a move to hold Rwanda accountable for its support of the M23 militia, the United States imposed sanctions on the Rwandan defence ministry and a financial institution in the country on Wednesday. This action follows President Donald Trump's promise to ensure Rwanda adheres to the terms of the Washington Accords for Peace and Prosperity, an agreement signed in December between Rwandan and Democratic Republic of Congo leaders.

According to Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent, Rwanda must cease its support for the M23 group and remove its troops from eastern DRC, which has been plagued by conflict for three decades. Despite a US-brokered truce in December, the M23 insurgency continues to rage in the mineral-rich eastern region, home to valuable resources coveted by world powers.

In early 2025, an offensive by the M23 and the Rwandan army resulted in the capture of Goma and Bukavu, the capitals of North and South Kivu provinces. However, the front line has since stabilized, though South Kivu has witnessed intense clashes. UN experts claim that Rwanda continues to provide thousands of troops to the M23 and exerts de facto control over the group, a claim Rwanda vehemently denies.

The US sanctioned Zigama Credit and Savings Society, a financial institution that reportedly serves Rwanda's security services, on Wednesday. This action is part of the broader US strategy to pressure Rwanda to halt its backing of the M23 militia.