The quantification of adverse outcome pathways (qAOPs) involving multiple converging pathways remains a fundamental challenge in toxicology. This difficulty is worsened by small in vitro datasets with missing values and heteroscedasticity, which limit the estimation of non-linear response functions and the robust estimation of uncertainty. To overcome these limitations, we developed a framework…
In 1987, biologists captured the last free-flying condor to transfer it to captivity, and the largest flying North American bird species was officially declared extinct in the wild.
