US warns Americans travelling to China of wrongful detention risk: What to know

The U.S. State Department has issued a travel advisory for Americans planning to visit mainland China, warning of increased risks such as wrongful detention, arbitrary enforcement of local laws, and restrictions on leaving the country. The department assigned China a Level 2 warning, advising travelers to exercise increased caution.

China's expansive national security, counterespionage, and data security laws provide authorities broad discretion to detain or interrogate foreign nationals, including those involved in routine business activities, research, and public expression. The advisory specifically warns that individuals with ties to the U.S. government, Chinese heritage, or business disputes may face heightened risks.

Foreign nationals in China may be subjected to interrogation, detention, or expulsion over alleged violations of national security laws, as authorities can classify a wide range of materials as state secrets, even retroactively. Risks include the possibility of being placed under an exit ban, which could prevent individuals from leaving the country and limit their access to U.S. consular assistance.

The State Department encourages Americans to enroll in the Smart Traveler Enrollment Program (STEP) for updates and recommends carrying a valid U.S. passport, Chinese visa, and preparing for potential detention or limited consular assistance.